- SPAC to Improve Port Performance for Seaports with Very Long One-Way Entrance Channels
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- 论文类型： 期刊论文
- 发表时间： 2014-07-01
- 发表刊物： JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING
- 收录刊物： SCIE、Scopus
- 卷号： 140
- 期号： 4
- ISSN号： 0733-950X
- 关键字： Port service; Ships-passing anchorage; Simulation; Entrance channel
- 摘要： Very long one-way traffic (VLOWT) entrance channels have become bottlenecks for China's seaports. However, the high costs and complexity of channel expansion make it impractical to expand a typical channel to a two-way traffic channel. Therefore, to improve port performance a ships-passing anchorage (SPAC) is proposed, which provides a temporary mooring for lower-priority ships to wait until other ships traveling in the opposite direction pass beyond the SPAC. To explore the feasibility of building a SPAC and to determine its dimensions, the annual average turnaround time, average waiting time, and average waiting time/average service time ratio were chosen as the performance measures of port service. Then, considering randomness and dynamics in ship operations, a model to simulate ships moving in and out of a harbor through a VLOWT channel with a SPAC was developed, and the port performance was calculated. Finally, the proposed model was applied to a cargo-import port with a VLOWT channel. The results show that a SPAC improves port performance and effectively saves dredging costs, and that the simulation model is an efficient tool to determine proper SPAC design. (C) 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
