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Indexed by:期刊论文

Date of Publication:2015-01-01

Journal:Environmental Science and Engineering (Subseries: Environmental Science)

Included Journals:EI、Scopus

Issue:9783319109411

Page Number:111-133

ISSN No.:18635520

Abstract:Archaeological studies have found the application of colorants in cliff and cave paintings by prehistoric human ancestors. Inorganic pigments include soot, ochre, manganese oxide and hematite, while organic colorants contain kermes from Kermes vermilio, alizarin from madder and indigo from natural origins. Then in 1856 William Henry Perkin, an 18?year old English chemist, accidentally discovered the world  s first synthetic dye in his attempt to synthesize the antimalarial drug quinine. The bluish substance with excellent dyeing properties was later known as mauveine or aniline purple. Since then, more than ten thousand synthetic dyes were developed and the use of synthetic dyestuffs has now far exceeded natural dyestuffsDyestuffs by the end of 19th century (Robinson et al., Bioresour Technol 77:247 C255, 2001). It was suggested that more than 105 different commercial dyes and over 7?  ?105 metric tons of dyestuffs are produced every year worldwide (Supaka et al., Chem Eng J 99:169 C176, 2004). ? 2015, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.