Release Time:2019-03-09  Hits:

Indexed by: Journal Article

Date of Publication: 2014-01-27

Journal: APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS

Included Journals: Scopus、EI、SCIE

Volume: 104

Issue: 4

ISSN: 0003-6951

Abstract: We demonstrate a simple low-cost approach as an alternative to conventional O-2 plasma treatment to modify the surface of indium tin oxide (ITO) anodes for use in organic light-emitting diodes. ITO is functionalized with F- ions by electrochemical treatment in dilute hydrofluoric acid. An electrode with a work function of 5.2 eV is achieved following fluorination. Using this electrode, a maximum external quantum efficiency of 26.0% (91 cd/A, 102 lm/W) is obtained, which is 12% higher than that of a device using the O-2 plasma-treated ITO. Fluorination also increases the transparency in the near-infrared region. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.