激光焊接整体化壁板制造工艺极大地减轻构件的重量、降低制造成本、提高生产效率，是整体化壁板制造的发展趋势。但是，激光焊接工艺对桁条与蒙皮连接质量有着重要影响，在激光焊接过程中的高温梯度变化诱使焊接区的材料组织发生改变，激光加热时间和接头区的热梯度将造成焊接区出现与母材性能不同的区域（熔合区和热影响区）。此外，还存在未焊透、气孔及裂纹等损伤和制造缺陷的不确定性分布，这是由于焊接接头在激光加热过程中低沸点合金元素易发挥造成的。焊接接头要求最大化静态强度，但是焊接热效应退化了局部的材料性质，造成焊接接头不可避免地存在热变形和热残余应力。

        此外，现代飞机的高性能、轻质、多功能、低成本经济要求机身壁板结构采用加筋及多墙等格栅加强形式，承载性能是飞机承力构件的主要性能指标之一，直接影响构件可靠性和服役寿命。在飞机服役机动过程中，承受来自气流的压缩、剪切和热载荷耦合作用下易发生屈曲，而且在承载的不同阶段会便显出不同的屈曲模态。特别是长期飞行服役后这些典型部件不可避免出现疲劳和损伤，含局部损伤的格栅结构壁板会出现更为复杂的屈曲和后屈曲现象。很可能在应力低于许可极限的情况下发生潜在的失效，对航空结构而言是灾难性的。

       因此，含有制造缺陷和损伤的构件承载性能分析与评估成为目前面临的极具挑战性难题，开展焊接机身壁板结构的承载能力评估和预测方法研究，是焊接机身壁板结构设计与制造技术的关键内容。针对机身壁板激光焊接制造损伤随机性、材料性能弱化、承载能力下降等问题，开展激光焊接局部弹塑性本构参数的反演识别和焊缝残余应力表征，开展焊接变形和失效的抑制型结构设计，优化焊接顺序和成型过程控制，实现最优化的焊接机身壁板承载性能，可为高损伤容限型机身焊接壁板的制造工艺和设计方案提供参考。

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[9] Hao Jiang, Zhenkun Lei*, Ruixiang Bai, Junjun Liu, Zhenfei Guo, Honggang Dong, Wenwen Feng. Virtual field characterization for ratcheting effect under cyclic loading. Experimental Mechanics. 31March 2021, 61(5): 867-883. 

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