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Indexed by:Journal Papers

Date of Publication:2020-02-01

Journal:BRAIN AND LANGUAGE

Included Journals:PubMed、SCIE

Volume:201

Page Number:104714

ISSN No.:0093-934X

Key Words:Embodied cognition; Gradation; Linguistic abstraction; Metaphorical language; First/second language; fMRI

Abstract:The framework of embodied cognition has challenged the modular view of a language-cognition divide by suggesting that meaning-retrieval critically involves the sensory-motor system. Despite extensive research into the neural mechanisms underlying language-motor coupling, it remains unclear how the motor system might be differentially engaged by different levels of linguistic abstraction and language proficiency. To address this issue, we used fMRI to quantify neural activations in brain regions underlying motor and language processing in Chinese-English speakers' processing of literal, metaphorical, and abstract language in their L1 and L2. Results overall revealed a response in motor ROIs gradually attenuating in intensity from literal to abstract via metaphorical language in both L1 and L2. Furthermore, contrast analyses between L1 and L2 showed overall greater activations of motor ROIs in the L2. We conclude that motor involvement in language processing is graded rather than all-or-none and that the motor system has a dual-functional role.