Abstract: A method for large-scale production of nitrogen-rich and phosphorus-doped amorphous carbon/graphitic carbon nanocomposite powders belongs to the field of nanopowder production technology. In order to realize the mass production of this method, the raw materials such as aniline, ammonium persulfate, phytic acid and graphitic carbon, which are widely used in industry, are combined with a simple wet chemical in situ polymerization method and a common heat treatment method, and the parameters of which are adjusted to polymerize and carbonize polyaniline, a conductive polymer material, to improve the nitrogen and phosphorus doping of amorphous carbon/graphitic carbon composite nanopowders, and to form nitrogen-rich and phosphorus-doped amorphous carbon/graphitic carbon nanopowders by controlling the ratio of aniline monomer to graphitic carbon. By controlling the ratio of aniline monomer to graphitic carbon, the nitrogen-rich and phosphorus-doped amorphous carbon/graphitic carbon composite nanopowders with different nano-microstructures are formed. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: much higher production efficiency, lower cost, suitable for large-scale production, high doping content of heterogeneous atoms, and high purity of the prepared powder.