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Date of Publication:2012-01-01

Journal:应用与环境生物学报

Volume:18

Issue:2

Page Number:344-350

ISSN No.:1006-687X

Abstract:Indigo is one of the organic pigments which is widely used in
   printing,dyeing and pharmaceutical industries.Microbial synthesis of
   indigo has recently attracted extensive attention worldwide.The research
   processes and development trends are reviewed in the present
   paper.Biosynthesis of indigo could be divided into three periods:
   Biosynthesis by wild microbes,whole-cell catalysis by engineering
   bacteria and biotransformation regulated by metabolic engineering.Most
   aromatic-degrading microbes and their relevant enzymes possess the
   ability to convert indole to indigo.New technologies such as directed
   evolution,metagenome and two phase reaction system could facilitate
   in-depth investigations of the enzyme resources,and they will play a
   crucial role in the indigo biosynthesis
   research.Meanwhile,hydroxyl-indoles and indigo derivatives produced in
   the process are promising pharmaceutical and chemical precursors with
   great research interests.However,the transformation interactions between
   intermediates and by-products are still unclear.Besides,low indigo yield
   and efficiency with high cost have hampered practical
   production.Therefore,it is essential to combine the molecular biology
   and metabolic engineering technologies to investigate the mechanisms and
   industrial application of indigo biosynthesis in the future.

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