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L-半胱氨酸对酰胺类除草剂的离体脱氯反应与机制

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Indexed by:期刊论文

Date of Publication:2012-10-20

Journal:中国环境科学

Included Journals:Scopus、PKU、ISTIC、CSCD

Volume:32

Issue:10

Page Number:1832-1837

ISSN No.:1000-6923

Key Words:L-半胱氨酸;酰胺类除草剂;亲核取代;脱氯

Abstract:研究了L-半胱氨酸与酰胺类除草剂的反应动力学、热力学及其机制.结果表明,L-半胱氨酸促进酰胺类除草剂的降解,该反应遵循二级动力学方程;除草剂降解速率同除草剂分子的亲电常数线性相关,降低顺序为甲草胺(kL-cysteine=7.65×10-3mol/(L·s))>乙草胺(kL-cysteine=7.23×10 3mol/(L·s))>丁草胺(kL-cysteine=6.01×10 3mol/(L·s))>S-异丙甲草胺(kL-cystine=2.15×10-3m ol/(L·s)),这与其土壤和高效菌降解速率顺序相一致;产物的质谱鉴定表明,L-半胱氨酸取代除草剂分子中氯原子.表明该反应为双分子亲核取代脱氯反应.热力学分析显示,该反应为焓控反应.除草剂间降解速率的差异性由熵变控制,且除草剂的降解速率与反应熵变(△S)具有良好的线性关系,△S数值越负,除草剂的降解速率越小.分子中N原子上的醚键取代基支链结构及链长度对反应速率影响较大,而芳环取代基结构没有明显影响.

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